Sounds are caused by an object vibrating. The vibrations could be made a musical instrument, by a speaker in your headphones, or even by an every-day object. The bigger the vibrations are, the louder the sound is. Different sized objects will produce different pitches – the pitch is how high or low the sound is and it depends on how small (=high pitch) or large (=low pitch). Pitch is separate from the volume of a sound.

Different objects will also create different qualities of sound, or timbre.

When you listen to the Minutes, try to work out what objects are making the sound, how large are they, is there anything else you can tell?